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What does the term 'identity property' refer to in mathematics?

  1. The property that states a number can exist as both negative and positive

  2. The property that states a number times one equals that number

  3. The property that states a number added to zero equals that number

  4. The property that describes the shape of the graph of a quadratic

The correct answer is: The property that states a number added to zero equals that number

The identity property in mathematics refers specifically to the concept that certain operations do not change the value of a number. More specifically, when discussing addition, the identity property states that any number added to zero will yield the same number. This holds true for all real numbers and is a fundamental aspect of arithmetic. For example, if you take the number 5, and you add zero to it, the result is still 5. This illustrates the essence of the identity property of addition, where zero is known as the "additive identity" because it does not alter the original number. While the other properties related to multiplication, like the property that states a number times one equals that number, are indeed important (known as the multiplicative identity property), the term 'identity property' in general often refers to the additive aspect, making the provided answer correct.