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In permutations, how is nPr calculated?

  1. n!/(n-r)! or n^r

  2. n!/(r-n)! or r^n

  3. n!/(n+r)! or r!n!

  4. (n-r)!/n! or n!+r!

The correct answer is: n!/(n-r)! or n^r

The calculation of permutations, denoted as nPr, is based on the concept of arranging a subset of items from a larger set. The formula for nPr is given by n!/(n-r)!. Here, n! represents the factorial of n (the total number of items), and (n-r)! represents the factorial of the difference between the total number of items and the number of items being selected. This formula effectively counts the number of ways to arrange r items selected from a total of n items, where the order of selection matters. This understanding of permutations as order-sensitive arrangements is crucial in various applications, such as probability, statistics, and combinatorial problems. The other options presented do not accurately represent the formula or context of permutations, highlighting the significance of recognizing the correct approach to permutations using factorials.